Can artificial intelligence (AI) be used in fire safety

Can Artificial Intelligence (AI) be used in Fire Safety? 

Wishing you a very happy new year 2025. Yes, artificial intelligence (AI) can be used in fire safety to improve detection, prevention, and response. Artificial intelligence (AI) is an aspect of technology that holds both many advantages and pitfalls for the fire-safety community and general public, but it’s one we can’t ignore. So, what can we expect from its use in fire safety ?

Fire investigation

I have for many years found that investigating serious or fatal fires is very difficult if you are not part of the investigation team or a relevant authority and this often means that when you examine any official report it generally raises many questions that the authorities are sometimes reluctant to answer or clarify. To try to answer these questions it requires a Freedom of Information (FOI) request to the relevant authority, and whilst some authorities are quite helpful, others can be very guarded in their responses, and this leads me to ask why should this be?

Could it be that the relevant authority are protecting their own reputation and are not willing to divulge any information that may show where they have not acted in a manner that was in the interests of the general public or other interested parties, or could it be that they are simply covering up mistakes that they made in dealing with the incident or enforcement?

I have always thought that the enforcing authorities should be more open, honest and transparent in these matters as it is only by an approach like this that we can truly learn from these incidents, and this must be in the interests of everyone and not just the enforcing authorities.

It is interesting to note that in some European countries the investigation is done by the police who also have forensic science teams available to them.

Artificial Intelligence (AI)

One of the first questions that I asked AI was ‘Can AI be used for fire safety and investigation?’ And this was the response:

‘AI can be used in fire investigation in a number of ways. For example, AI can be used to:

• Identify the origin and cause of fires. AI can analyse data from the fire scene, such as burn patterns, heat distribution and the presence of accelerants, to identify the point of origin and the most likely cause of the fire.
• Reconstruct the sequence of events leading up to a fire. AI can use data from the fire scene, as well as witness testimony and other evidence, to reconstruct the sequence of events leading up to the fire. This can help investigators to identify suspects and determine whether the fire was accidental or intentional.
• Predict the behaviour of fires. AI can be used to simulate the behaviour of fires under different conditions, such as wind speed, humidity and fuel type. This information can be used to help firefighters develop effective fire suppression and evacuation plans.
• Identify fire hazards. AI can be used to analyse data from building inspections and other sources to identify potential fire hazards. This information can be used to develop fire-safety regulations and to help businesses and homeowners to reduce their risk of fire.
• AI is still under development, but it has the potential to revolutionise fire investigation. By automating tasks that are currently time-consuming and labour-intensive, AI can help investigators to solve fires more quickly and efficiently. Additionally, AI can provide investigators with new insights and perspectives on fire behaviour and fire investigation.

‘Here are some specific examples of how AI is being used in fire investigation today:

• Fire investigators are using AI to analyse burn patterns. AI can be used to identify patterns that would be difficult or impossible for human investigators to see. This can help investigators to identify the point of origin of a fire and to determine the most likely cause.
• AI is being used to reconstruct the sequence of events leading up to a fire. AI can be used to analyse data from the fire scene, such as the location of fire debris and the presence of heat indicators, to reconstruct the sequence of events leading up to the fire. This can help investigators to identify suspects and to determine whether the fire was accidental or intentional.
• AI is being used to predict the behaviour of fires. AI can be used to simulate the behaviour of fires under different conditions, such as wind speed, humidity and fuel type. This information can be used to help firefighters develop effective fire suppression and evacuation plans.
• As AI continues to develop, we can expect to see even more innovative and effective ways to use AI in fire investigation.’

So, clearly there is an important role for AI in Fire Investigation but unless all of the relevant information is made available, I wonder how accurate the results will be and whether they will be made available to interested parties.

Bibby Stockholm Barge in dry-dock in Falmouth

Bibby Stockholm barge – is it safe for the intended use?

This is a question that I was recently asked by the BBC and as all the authorities and manufacturers were not being very open about the answer, I decided to ask AI the question and this was the response, but please note that the accuracy of all these responses is not guaranteed:

‘Fire safety is of paramount importance on board the Bibby Stockholm barge. The barge is equipped with a number of fire-safety features, including:

• A fire detection and alarm system
• Fire extinguishers
• Fire hoses
• Fire blankets
• A fire escape plan

The crew of the Bibby Stockholm barge are trained in fire-safety procedures and are responsible for maintaining the fire-safety equipment on board. In the event of a fire, the crew will activate the fire-alarm system and extinguish the fire using the fire extinguishers or fire hoses. If the fire is too large for the crew to extinguish, they will evacuate the barge and call the fire brigade.

‘Here are some additional fire safety tips for the Bibby Stockholm barge:

• Keep fire exits clear and unobstructed.
• Do not smoke or use open flames on board.
• Store flammable materials in designated areas.
• Inspect fire-safety equipment regularly and make sure it is in working order.
• Hold fire drills regularly to ensure that the crew is familiar with the fire safety procedures.
• By following these fire safety tips, the crew of the Bibby Stockholm barge can help to prevent fires and ensure the safety of everyone on board.’

I then asked AI: ‘Is the Bibby Stockholm barge safe for 500 people?’ and this was the response: ‘Whether the Bibby Stockholm barge is safe for 500 people is a matter of debate. The barge was originally designed to accommodate 222 people, but its capacity has been doubled by putting bunk beds in its cabins and converting some communal rooms into dormitories. This has led to concerns about overcrowding and fire safety.

‘The UK Fire Brigades Union has warned that the barge is a ‘deathtrap’ and that the government is putting people’s lives at risk by using it to house asylum seekers. The union has also expressed concerns about the lack of training and experience of the staff who will be working on the barge.

‘The Home Office has defended its decision to use the Bibby Stockholm barge, saying that it has been thoroughly inspected and is safe to accommodate 500 people. The Home Office has also said that the barge will be staffed by experienced and qualified staff.

‘Ultimately, whether the Bibby Stockholm barge is safe for 500 people is a matter of opinion. There are valid concerns about overcrowding and fire safety, but the Home Office has insisted that the barge is safe.

It is important to note that the Bibby Stockholm barge is currently being used to house asylum seekers. Asylum seekers are particularly vulnerable people who are often fleeing persecution and violence. It is therefore essential that the Home Office takes all necessary steps to ensure that the Bibby Stockholm barge is a safe and humane place to live.’

Clearly, in this example AI is not able to fully answer the question but does provide a good overview.

The Royal Clarence Hotel fire

This is an incident that I know a little more about as I carried out an investigation for the BBC and a subsequent programme was shown on the BBC Inside Out programme.

The AI version gave the following response:

‘Dave Jones, a former sector commander of Devon and Somerset Fire and Rescue Service (DSFRS), believes that the hotel could have been saved by the fire service. He claims that he told incident commanders that he had found a fire on the third floor, but that his evidence to an inquiry was left out of a fire service report.

‘Jones says that he needed authority to send crews back into the hotel, but that he was met with blank stares. He also claims that 90% of the hotel was perfectly intact, and that it could have and should have been saved.

‘An independent review into the fire concluded that it remained speculative as to whether the historic hotel could have been saved. However, the review did make a number of recommendations for areas of learning for future incidents dealt with by Devon & Somerset Fire and Rescue Service.

‘Devon and Somerset Fire and Rescue Service has denied any wrongdoing and says that it hopes the review will reassure the public. However, Jones’ claims have raised serious questions about the fire service’s handling of the incident.’

I would add that I also received a number of other responses from serving members of DSFRS that confirmed Dave Jones version of the story but were unwilling to be named due to possible action by their employers.

How can we develop AI to be more helpful in fire safety?

This is what AI tells us:

‘There are a number of ways in which we can develop AI to be more helpful in fire safety. Here are a few examples:

‘Improved fire detection: AI can be used to develop more sophisticated fire-detection systems that can detect fires earlier and more accurately than traditional systems. This can be done by using AI to analyse data from a variety of sources, such as smoke detectors, heat sensors and cameras.

‘Predictive fire prevention: AI can be used to develop predictive models that can identify potential fire hazards and predict where and when fires are likely to occur. This information can then be used to prevent fires from happening in the first place.

‘Firefighting assistance: AI can be used to develop systems that can assist firefighters in fighting fires. This can be done by providing firefighters with real-time information about the fire, such as its location, size and intensity. AI can also be used to develop robots that can help firefighters to extinguish fires and rescue people.

‘Here are some specific examples of AI-powered fire-safety technologies that are currently being developed:

• AI-powered smoke detectors: these detectors can use AI to identify different types of smoke, including smoke from different types of fires. This can help to reduce false alarms and improve the accuracy of fire detection.
• AI-powered fire surveillance cameras: these cameras can use AI to detect fires and smoke in real time. They can also be used to track the movement of fire and smoke, which can help firefighters to better understand how a fire is behaving.
• AI-powered fire prediction models: these models can use data from a variety of sources, such as weather data, building data and historical fire data, to predict where and when fires are likely to occur. This information can be used to prevent fires from happening in the first place, or to deploy resources more effectively in the event of a fire.
• AI-powered firefighting robots: these robots can be used to extinguish fires, rescue people, and explore dangerous environments. They can also be used to collect data about fires, which can help firefighters to better understand how fires behave and how to fight them more effectively.

‘These are just a few examples of how AI can be used to improve fire safety. As AI technology continues to develop, we can expect to see even more innovative and effective fire-safety solutions emerge.

‘In addition to developing new AI technologies, we also need to make sure that existing AI technologies are used safely and effectively in fire-safety applications. This means developing and implementing best practices for the development, deployment and use of AI-powered fire-safety systems. It also means educating firefighters and other fire-safety professionals on how to use AI-powered fire-safety systems safely and effectively.

‘By developing and using AI responsibly, we can make a significant contribution to improving fire safety and reducing the loss of life and property due to fires.’

Can AI be used to carry out fire risk assessments?

This was another question that I asked AI, and this was the response:

‘AI can be used to carry out a Fire Risk Assessment (FRA). FRA is a process of identifying and evaluating the fire risks in a building or structure, and then developing a plan to mitigate those risks. AI can be used to automate many of the tasks involved in FRA, such as:

• Identifying potential fire hazards: AI can be used to analyse building plans and other data to identify potential fire hazards, such as flammable materials, electrical wiring and heating systems.
• Evaluating the risk of fire: AI can be used to evaluate the risk of fire based on the identified hazards, as well as other factors such as the occupancy of the building and the fire-safety measures in place.
• Developing a fire-risk mitigation plan: AI can be used to develop a fire-risk mitigation plan that includes measures to reduce the likelihood of fire, as well as measures to protect people and property in the event of a fire.
• AI-powered FRA tools can help businesses and organisations to save time and money, and to improve the safety of their buildings and occupants. However, it is important to note that AI-powered FRA tools are not a replacement for human expertise. It is still important to have a qualified fire-safety professional review the results of any AI-powered FRA and to provide guidance on the implementation of the fire-risk mitigation plan.

‘Here are some of the benefits of using AI for FRA:

• Accuracy: AI can be trained on large datasets of fire-safety data to identify fire hazards and assess fire risks with a high degree of accuracy.
• Efficiency: AI can automate many of the tasks involved in FRA, which can save businesses and organisations time and money.
• Objectivity: AI is not susceptible to human biases, which can help to ensure that FRA is conducted in a fair and objective manner.

‘However, there are also some challenges to using AI for FRA:

Data quality: AI-powered FRA tools are only as good as the data they are trained on. It is important to ensure that the data used to train the AI is accurate and up to date.

Transparency: it can be difficult to understand how AI-powered FRA tools make decisions. This can make it difficult to trust the results of the assessment.

Accountability: if a fire occurs, it is important to be able to determine who is responsible for the failure of the FRA. This can be difficult to do if the FRA was conducted by an AI.

Overall, AI has the potential to be a valuable tool for FRA. However, it is important to be aware of the challenges involved in using AI for FRA and to take steps to mitigate those risks.’

In short AI can be a game-changer in terms of predicting and preventing fires. Advanced machine learning algorithms can analyse historical data, weather conditions, building structures, and other factors to identify high-risk areas.

• Fire detection

AI-powered sensors and drones can quickly identify fires, and AI-based systems can use computer vision to analyze sensor data to find signs of fire and smoke. 

• Fire prediction

AI can analyze data from smoke detectors, temperature sensors, and other IoT devices to predict where and when a fire is likely to occur. 

• Fire response

AI can help manage evacuation plans by analyzing real-time data and guiding people to the safest exits. AI can also simulate the behavior of fires under various conditions to help firefighters develop effective evacuation plans. 

• Fire investigation

AI can reconstruct the sequence of events leading up to a fire by analyzing data from the fire scene, witness testimony, and other evidence. 

• Fire prevention

AI can analyze data from building inspections to identify potential fire hazards. 

• Firefighting

AI can be used in smart firefighting during actual fire events. 

AI can also integrate with building management systems (BMS) to coordinate with things like HVAC systems to control smoke or lighting to show safe paths.

Checklist of Fire Safety System for Healthcare

Checklist of Fire Safety System for Healthcare building

Building Name:

Building address:

Building Floor name:

Local Fire Bridged name & Cont nos:

As per National Building Code (NBC) Hospital Buildings, Nursing Homes, Sanatoriums have been categories under Group-C “Institutional Building”.

The Institutional Buildings are having some high risk areas with special problems relates life risk of both ambulatory and non-ambulatory patients. It is therefore necessary to understand the types of hazards associated with the Institutional Buildings vis-à-vis life safety concept.

Life Safety from fire in Hospitals relies on a “Defined – in- Place” principle. Horizontal exits or smoke barriers are required to sub-divide each storey of a Hospital to provide an area of refuge on each floor.

In case of emergency the objectives should be “Keep the fire away from the Patient rather than more the patient away from the fire”

A. Procedure for Calling the Fire Brigade:

a) When calling the Fire Brigade give clear information.

1. Name & Address of the premises where fire has actually broke out.

2. Nearest land mark & name of the access road.

3. Character to the Building and type of occupancy.

4. Nearest water body is available.

5. Telephone No. of the caller & of the particular premises if known.

B. Procedure to be followed for Raising the Alarm:

All occupants/ employees should be aware of how to raise the alarm.

1. Once detector actuated, the on duty staffs will act according to pre-determined plan.

2. The source of alarm must be monitored regularly.

3. Whole premises should be warned through the P.A. system in such a manner that should not generate any panic amongst the occupants.

4. The system should be incorporated to disseminate the information to other emergency support services.

C. Pre-determined area should be identified for refuge or assemble of the occupants (Patient).

D. The assembly or refuge area should have the facility of medical support for patient if needed.

E. The assembly or refuge area must have the access of the emergency vehicles like ambulance or fire service vehicles.

F. Roll call should be taken to ensure that all occupants/ patients are evacuated from the danger zone and the missing person should be notified to the Fire Service and Police Authority.

G. Procedure for Fighting the Fire:

1. In the early stages of a fire it may be possible to successfully contain it or extinguish it with first aid fire fighting equipment.

2. To accomplish this, staff members should be instructed in the use of hand held extinguishers and hose reels.

3. Certain members of staff may be designated as a fire fighting team as part of the emergency procedures & their function would be to assess and "if safe to do so" tackle the fire with the available equipment until the Fire Brigade arrive.

H. Procedure for Assisting the Fire Brigade:

a) When the Fire Brigade arrives they need proper assistance and information as much as possible in order to take the best course of action. The type of information required includes:

1. Exact location of the fire;

2. Type of materials involved in fire;

3. Details of missing persons;

4. Location of nearest fire hydrants;

5. Location of all access doors to the building.

6. Location of any special risks adjoining to the fire location;

7. Keys for access into any locked areas.

RECOMMENDATION OF

MINIMUM ESSENTIAL FIRE SAFETY MEASURES IN INSTITUTIONAL

BUILDINGS

Preventive Measures

1. Good housekeeping in all area, specially stores, kitchen, electrical installation, transformer house and waste disposals etc. should be maintained.

2. No Smoking Zone (while applicable in office, store, depot etc) shall be enforced rigidly.

3. All electrical installations shall be periodically checked & tested by competent electrical

engineers, while all loose electrical wiring if any shall be replaced immediately.

4. Appropriate M.C.B. shall be installed where necessary in the electrical installation as per

Indian Electrical Rules.

5. All old electrical wiring especially in the zone of insignificant and abundant area shall

replace with the new ones.

6. The basement if any should not be used as store room / material dumping / in patient ward or any other purpose which will cause Fire / Smoke.

7. Lift shaft and stair lobby / landing shall be free from any obstacles / obstruction.

8. Use of LPG gas cylinders not more than 320 kg come into a gas bank, to be installed with separate place with barrier and precaution as per IS : 6044.

9. Trained staff in dealing with the fire fighting extinguisher / appliance / Evacuation procedure shall be engaged. Fire fighting drill and evacuation drill should be held on regular basis.

10. Building should come into a modular by making corridors horizontal & vertical exits from the origin of the fire place to a safe area easily and also by incorporating Fire & Smoke Check Door in the lobby approaching to stairways and lift.

11. One senior personal preferably from administration may co-ordinate & look into.

12. On site Emergency / Evacuation plan shall have to be prepared and update at regular

interval.

13. Fire Notice, Fire order, Exit sign, Floor Nos. shall be displayed at conspicuous places as per requirements of NBC Part IV 2016.

14. Arrangement should be made for proper checking, testing and maintenance of all fire

protection and detection system to keep them in properly working condition at all the time.

15. Electrical Safety Audit should be carried out at regular interval as per Indian Electrical Rules.

Protective Measures

1. Water Reservoir exclusively for fire fighting shall be made available as prescribed in National Building Code (NBC) Part IV 2016.

2. Replenishment of the reservoir may be incorporated with deep tube well with auto facility.

3. Fire Hydrant Ring main with Yard Hydrant & Wet Riser system with landing valve shall be installed as per NBC Part IV & IS: 3844.

4. Hose Box containing two nos. 15 M long Hose & 1 No. Branch Pipe with Nozzle to be

installed near each Yard Hydrant & Landing Valve.

5. First-Aid Hose Reel 40 M long to be provided near each landing valve tapped off from the Wet Riser.

6. Sprinkler system to be provided for all the floors & other places / areas as applicable as per NBC Code.

7. Fire fighting extinguisher should be provided within the building as per IS: 2190 and person having work station in that area should be trained to use the same if required initially in case of emergency.

8. The main Fire Pump and one stand by pump of capacity minimum 2280 LPM and head of the pump will be such that 3.5 Kg/cm2 pressure is available at the furthest/highest landing valve, to be installed. Auto start facility should be incorporated in fire pump. Accordingly, Jockey Pump of Capacity 180 LPM shall also be installed.

9. The Stand by pump of equal capacity must be available on alternate sources of

supply, preferably diesel operating pump.

10. Fire Detection & Alarm System for the entire Building shall be provided as per IS: 2185

11. Public Address System with Two way communication System

12. Emergency power supply shall be provided to the following equipment and system.

A. Illumination of means of escape route.

B. Fire Alarm Panel & P.A. Console.

C. Fire Pumps

D. Fire Lift

E. Bore Well

Fire Command Structure:-

1. Chief Executive Officer or Head of the Organization will act as the commanding officer during emergency.

2. The commanding Officer has the primary responsibility to recognize hazards and prepare the fire order and fire operation plan & get them promulgated.

3. To supervise the regular training to the hospital staff (non-medical & medical) of the hospitals and keep them informed about the fire emergency evacuation plan.

4. Medical Superintendent will act as a occupant/patient evacuation supervisor and formulate the emergency evacuation plan and impart training to all the staffs (medical & non-medical) regarding the emergency evacuation procedure.

5. Floor managers/Matrons/floor supervisor will assist the evacuation supervisor in evacuation process.

6. The Chief Engineer/ Maintenance Engineer will act as a head of the fire fighting team and his responsibility to maintain all the fixed fire fighting installation system and constitute the fire fighting team. He should also impart the training about the operation and maintenance of fire fighting installation and conduct training at regular intervals.

ACTION BY SECURITY / DESIGNATED FIRE FIGHTING STAFF

A) INFORM THE FIRE BRIGADE THROUGH ANY ONE OF THE FOLLOWING PHONE NUMBERS:

                                    XXX XXXX XXXX

                                    YYY YYYY YYYY

B) ALERT THE OCCUPANTS BY USING PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEM & GIVE THEM PROPER GUIDANCE FOR SAFE EVACUATION FROM THE BUILDING.

C) OPERATE THE GROUNDING SWITCH TO BRING FIRE ELEVATOR TO GROUND FLOOR LEVEL.

D) EVACUATE THE OCCUPANTS BY USING FIRE EXITS AND EMERGENCY EXITS ONLY AND ASSEMBLE THEM IN A SAFE PLACE.

E) SWITCH OFF THE POWER SUPPLY OF THE BUILDING EXCEPTING EMERGENCY LIGHT / FIRE LIFT / FIRE ALARM PANEL, PA & TALKBACK PANELS.

F) FIGHT THE FIRE USING NEAREST SUITABLE EXTINGUISHER OR WATER FROM NEAREST HOSE REEL / HYDRANT POINT DEPENDING ON THE SIZE OF FIRE.

G) GUIDE THE FIRE FORCE, ON THEIR ARRIVAL TO THE SEAT OF FIRE.

H) INCASE OF CAUSALITIES, CALL AMBULANCE OR MOBILE TRAUMA CARE UNIT.

I) ENSURE THAT THE PEOPLE WHO ARE PHYSICALLY CONSTRAINED, UNCONSCIOUS, DISABLE AND WOMAN ARE EVACUATED.

Weekly Fire Checklist:

Escape routes			Notes / action needed
1	Are escape routes clear?	Yes/No
2	Is there any combustible waste or storage in corridors, lobbies, stairways and chute rooms?	Yes/No
3	Are there any signs of damage to fire-resisting walls, doors and glazing between units and the common parts?	Yes/No
4	Are external routes clear and safe? And if needed well lit?	Yes/No
5	Have any vents required for smoke control been tampered with, forced open and damaged (e.g. by residents seeking to air stuffy atmospheres or to remove the smell from illicit smoking) or blocked up to prevent draughts?	Yes/No
6	Are fire exit signs or fire action notices missing or defaced?	Yes/No
7	Where required are there spare batteries for emergency escape lights & torches.	Yes/No
8	Have emergency lights been inspected – tell-tale lights illuminated	Yes/No
9	Where fitted is emergency lighting and sign lighting working correctly?	Yes/No
Fire doors
1	Can all fire exits be opened immediately and easily?	Yes/No
2	Are fire doors clear of obstructions?	Yes/No
3	Are fire door smoke seals in good condition (not painted over / damaged)?	Yes/No
4	Do all self-closing fire doors work correctly?	Yes/No
5	Do fire doors fit closely with a maximum of 5mm gaps?	Yes/No
6	Do all emergency fastening devices to fire exits (e.g. push bars) work correctly?	Yes/No
7	Are front doors and other entrance and exit doors closing properly?	Yes/No
8	All enclosed staircases shall have access through self closing doors of at least two hour fire resistance – these shall be swing doors opening in the direction of escape. The door shall be fitted with check action door closers.	Yes/No
Fire Detection & Alarm System
1	Is the indicator panel showing ‘normal’?	Yes/No
2	Where provided, are fire detectors, MCP, CM, MM still in place and/or damaged, covered over or interfered with in anyway?	Yes/No
3	Where provided, are fire detectors, MCP, CM, MM indication LED are blinking?	Yes/No
4	Where provided, are 70% fire detectors, MCP, Strobe, Battery are tested?	Yes/No
5	Where applicable has the fire alarm been tested on a weekly basis?	Yes/No
6	Is an ongoing periodical maintenance contract in place?	Yes/No
7	Automatic fire dampers shall be provided at the inlet of the fresh air and return air duct of each compartment on every floor.	Yes/No
8	Fire alarm system should be intercommunicate with BMS	Yes/No
9	Fire alarm system should be intercommunicate with Access Control	Yes/No
10	PA System speaker must be placed so that the information is clearly audible in all areas	Yes/No
Firefighting equipment
1	Are all fire extinguishers in place?	Yes/No
2	Are fire extinguishers discharged or damaged?	Yes/No
3	Are fire extinguishers clearly visible and accessible?	Yes/No
4	Gross weight of Cylinder when inspected in Kgs?	Yes/No
5	Are fire extinguishers Safety Pin damaged?	Yes/No
6	Are vehicles blocking fire hydrants or access to them?	Yes/No
7	Are all Sprinklers shall cover the entire area?	Yes/No
8	Are all Sprinklers line is energized?	Yes/No
9	Are last Sprinklers properly tested?	Yes/No
10	Distance between two hydrants or extinguisher stations must not be more than 30 m, and very clearly marked	Yes/No
11	A Diesel fire pump should be required and provide diesel exhaust pipe from the diesel engine and terminate to atmosphere in a location acceptable to the local Authority / Architect.	Yes/No
12	An additional static water storage tank to be provided at roof / terrace level with capacity specified by the local fire authority with arrangements of replenishment by main or alternate source of supply, which can be used in the eventuality of failure of other system under gravity flow.	Yes/No
13	All valves must be open, accessible and unobstructed	Yes/No
14	All the fire pumps to have direct access from the ground level.	Yes/No
15	What is the capacity of Under Ground / Terrace Static Storage Tank? (in ltr)	Yes/No
16	Whether the fire pump room is separated by fire walls all around and provided with fire doors.	Yes/No
17	Whether an undertaking from LPG piping installation agency and client stating that proposed gas bank , supply lines and other fitting associated with it is as per NBC of India -2016, Part-IV	Yes/No
18	Whether an affidavit / Confirmation is produced by the Applicant and Licensed contractor stating that all the proposed lightning protection installations for building is as per NBC of India -2016; Part-IV?	Yes/No
19	Whether an affidavit / Confirmation is produced by the applicant and HVAC Consultant be stating that all the proposed Air Conditioning, Smoke Management, Ventilation and Staircase Pressurisation Systems for the building is as per NBC of India -2016; Part-IV?	Yes/No
20	Whether an affidavit / Confirmation from the Applicant and the Electrical Consultant produced along with plan stating that all the proposed Electrical Installations and power supply for the proposed building is as per NBC of India -2016 Part 1V and necessary emergency power distribution system for fire and life safety systems also proposed in the building as per NBC 2016 Part IV 3.4.6.2 ?	Yes/No

All Fire Stations / Cabinets, for installing or keeping First Aid Fire Protection Equipment such as fire hose reel, hydrant valve, fire hose, branch pipe, etc should be provided in strategic locations of all floors, @ one station for every 1000M2 of plinth area.